![]() The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine effects of daily Ramadan fasting and partial Ramadan fasting on key biochemical and clinical markers among hemodialysis patients as compared to hemodialysis patients who chose not to fast during Ramadan. For example, one large multicenter study in Egypt reported that out of 2055 hemodialysis patients 18.5% and 28.4% chose to fast daily or partially during Ramadan in 2016, respectively. Despite this, the literature suggests that significant proportions of hemodialysis patients still decide to fast during Ramadan. Due to the lack of clear evidence about the safety of Ramadan fasting by CDK and hemodialysis patients, the International Diabetes Federation and Ramadan International Alliance consider these patients to be at very high risk, and are, therefore, exempted from Ramadan fasting. Other studies found no clinically important variations in biomedical markers in hemodialysis patients during Ramadan fasting. Some studies have reported that Ramadan fasting was associated with significant changes in clinical and biomedical markers, such as fluid overload and hyperkalemia, but with no significant complications requiring hospitalization. However, research findings on the safety of Ramadan fasting by patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on maintenance hemodialysis are mixed and controversial. Ramadan fasting was not associated with significant adverse effects in kidney transplant patients after one year of kidney transplantation, or urinary risk factors for calculus formation. Several studies have examined the effect of Ramadan fasting on physiological and biomedical markers in patients with kidney diseases. ![]() Despite the fact that Islam permits sick people and those with significant health problems not to fast, many patients still prefer to fast during Ramadan. ![]() Other studies reported that Ramadan fasting is not associated with significant adverse effects on function of different body systems. Ramadan fasting was found to be associated with beneficial effect on the lipids profile, fasting blood glucose, and body weight among healthy subjects. Research evidence suggests that Ramadan fasting is tolerable and safe for healthy adults. The effect of Ramadan fasting on physiological and biomedical markers among healthy individuals has been widely studied. Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar during which all healthy adult Muslims are required to abstain from eating any food and drinks from dawn to sunset, with special exceptions for those severely ill, menstruating females, pre-pubertal children and travelers. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: The publication of this article was funded by the Qatar National Library. Received: FebruAccepted: JPublished: June 24, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Khazneh et al. PLoS ONE 14(6):Įditor: Wisit Cheungpasitporn, University of Mississippi Medical Center, UNITED STATES (2019) The effects of Ramadan fasting on clinical and biochemical markers among hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study. However, avoid napping for too long or too close to bedtime, as this can disrupt your sleep at night.Citation: Khazneh E, Qaddumi J, Hamdan Z, Qudaimat F, Sbitany A, Jebrin K, et al. Take a nap: If you're feeling tired during the day, take a short nap to help you feel refreshed. Try to limit noise and other distractions that may keep you awake.Īvoid heavy meals: Avoid heavy meals before bedtime, especially during the Iftar (the meal taken after sunset to break the fast) as this can cause discomfort and interfere with your sleep. Start going to bed and waking up 15-30 minutes earlier each day in the weeks leading up to Ramadan.Īvoid caffeine and nicotine: Avoid consuming caffeine and nicotine before bed as these can interfere with your sleep.Ĭreate a sleep-conducive environment: Make sure your bedroom is comfortable, cool, and dark. Try to adjust your schedule to ensure you can sleep for a full night, especially during the first week or so of Ramadan when your body may need to adjust to the new routine.Īdjust your sleep schedule: Gradually adjust your sleep schedule before Ramadan begins, so that your body can adapt to the new routine. Get enough sleep: Aim to get at least 7-8 hours of sleep each night, even during Ramadan.
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